Wednesday, May 23, 2018
Monday, June 26, 2017
Extinction
We have been
learning about ways to strengthening operant behavior through reinforcement.
Like we already learned behaviors can be strengthened through reinforcement.
But what we did not touch on is that a behavior can be wakened through
extinction. Extinction is the non-reinforcement of a former reinforced response;
the results of this process is a decrease in the strength of that responses
strength. For example, a child learned that every time he whines he will receive
candy, he will continue to whine every time he wants candy but, if you switch
it up and withhold the candy the frequency of the whining will decline. This is
an example of a gradual weakening of a conditioned response that resulted in
the behavior decreasing or disappearing. When you stop rewarding the behavior
will eventually stop. This is something that is important for everyone to know,
it is a useful tool that we will all come across as adults whether we are
dealing with a child or an animal.
Extinction in operant condition
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U_YobQy3wxA
Positive Punishment
As we have learned previously, reinforcement is a procedure
that strengthens a behavior, and punishment is a procedure that weakens
behavior. When dealing with positive punishment it can tend to get a little
confusing. The work positive means that a behavior is followed by the
presentation or addition of something “positive”. In this situation, the word
positive when it is paired with punishment, does not refer to good or pleasant,
it just means that the response resulted in something being added or presented.
Resulting in the delivery of something the person or animal hates, this will
result in them being less likely to behave that way in the future. When dealing
with word negative, this is referring to the removal of something, this
scenario would be the subtraction of something from the situation. In simpler
terms, the word negative does not refer to something bad, it is referring to a
response resulting in the removal of something. For example, if a child is
acting bad their toys will be taken away. To sum this all up, in this situation
when dealing with the word positive punishment the word positive only means
that the behavior has resulted in something being added, and the word
punishment means that the behavior will decrease in strength. If a situations
consequence weakens the behavior this would-be punishment.
Positive Punishment broken down in examples from popular
children’s movie:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeNGYdUZFQI
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