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Chapter 14 History & Systems Chapter 14 is about the psychology behind our perception, which is the study of our senses.  While at a first glance our senses seem very basic, there are a number of steps our brains go through to provide us with the information we need on a daily basis to function.  For example for sight, it is a multi-step process just to determine if we recognize an image, while to us it feels almost instantaneous.  First, we have to receive the stimulus, then the image is reflected and transformed to enable us to see it, next the image is processed by the receptors in our eyes, then the image gets processed by our brain, which leads us to determine if this is a new stimulus or a recognized one, which determines the action we take.  Our brains are doing these processes countless times every day, and we barely notice or think about it.  It also goes even deeper when you take into account something like speaking with another person.  Yo...

Professor Mark Berg (History & Systems) Chapter 14 From this chapter I chose to focus on Prosopagnosia. Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is a neurological condition in which an individual is unable to recognize familiar faces. This condition can be genetic but can also appear in people who have complications in the right fusiform gyrus. The right fusiform gyrus is a fold in the brain that helps coordinate/control facial perception and memory neural systems. Other things that can cause prosopagnosia are strokes, TBI (traumatic brain injury), and specific neurodegenerative diseases. Symptoms of this condition can be being withdrawn while in public places, having difficulty making friends, and being withdrawn at school but confident at home. There are no cures for this condition but individuals can develop new ways  to help them remember faces. Cues is a great way to help individuals with prosopagnosia identify familiar faces. There are many people in the world ...

 History & Systems Chapter 10 introduces the concept of Gestalt Psychology and those who helped build it to what it is today.  There is no exact translation for gestalt, but some close approximations can be holistic, structure, and pattern.  Max Wertheimer was the visionary of gestalt psychology, and Wolfgang Kohler and Kurt Koffka were both spokespeople and advocates for gestalt psychology.  The main focus of gestalt psychology revolved around perception.  A main principle of the area is that the whole is not only more than the sum of its parts, but it's also entirely different from them.  Wertheimer focused on the distinctions between productive and reproductive thinking.  The psychologists of this area viewed learning in a nonbehavioristic sense.  The impact of Gestalt psychology was inspiring more systematic approaches in other fields of life. Elements of Thought: The purpose was to introduce us to the idea of gestalt psychology, an...

Samantha Crance April 29 th , 2020 Dr. Berg Testosterone Rex             Testosterone Rex is a book written by Cordelia Fine and the research she has completed on the topic of biological sex and its influence on human development. A lot of people think that biological sex is so important to our culture, community, religion, and other areas of human life, but Cordelia Fine challenges that with scientific research and facts. Cordelia Fine disputes these myths and rumors that have taken control of what we think we know thus far as a human race. Her research entails evolutionary science, psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, and philosophy. As a woman, I am all for supporting other women and attaining equal rights, but I do not consider myself a full throttle feminist. I have not taken the time to consider these issues in depth, but Cordelia Fine goes above and beyond the baseline issues of equal pay or fair treatment in th...

Olivia Van Houten History & Systems Journal #3 Chapter 10- The Gestaltists Summary:             Chapter 10 introduces Gestalt psychology and how it came to be. Considering there is no exact definition for the term Gestalt some of the common translations are form, structure, and pattern. Gestalt psychology uses “gestalts” to explain the idea of perception. Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka each had a hand in creating/promoting Gestalt psychology. Gestalt psychology is seen as the psychology of thinking, specifically productive thinking which is marked by genuine comprehension. They psychologists studied how sensations are put together for a perceptual experience, meaning they studied how the brain notices a whole object, not its parts. Gestalt psychology influenced the development of applied psychology and is still relevant in psychology and science today. Elements of Thought: ...

Professor Mark Berg (History & Systems) Chapter 11 This chapter is all about personality and the role it plays within psychology. One thing from Chapter 11 I am going to focus on is the phenomenon known as learned helplessness. Learned helplessness is a mental state in which when an individual is forced to endure an unpleasant stimulus, the individual becomes unable or unwilling to avoid encounters with said unpleasant stimulus even if the individual in reality is able to escape said unpleasant stimulus. Even when the individual is able to escape encounters with the unpleasant stimulus, their belief that they cannot is fueled by them learning that they are unable to. There are three components necessary inorder for someone to develop learned helplessness. Those components are contingency, cognition and behavior. Contingency is the identifiable relationship between an individual's actions and the environmental response. For example, playing a guitar and ensuing a tune. I...

Introduction: The book " The Optimism Bias " written by Tali Sharot highlighted many ideas and concepts that induce or effect optimism in humans. This book discusses many interesting topics such as predicting your own happiness and the commonalities between Barack Obama and Shirley Temple. It seems that this book's aim is to educate its readers on how our minds can be different from one another and also how humans hold an optimistic outlook on life even when it is not expected. Chapter 4: This chapter was entitled " What do Barack Obama and Shirley Temple have in common " In this chapter there were many different concepts discussed. The first idea discussed is that optimism is relied on much more often in hard times that in good times. This is because people's urgent need for good news may drive positive expectations well above what is normally expected at that time. An example of this would be, if a single mother did not have the fund...